United Nations Day 2024: History, Significance, And The Role Of UN In Conflict Resolution – News18

Last Updated:October 24, 2024, 06:00 IST

For over 70 years, the United Nations has stood as a symbol of hope, inspiring dreams of a better future and a world united.

Every year, October 24 marks a momentous occasion — United Nations Day! This day commemorates the ratification of the UN Charter in 1945, a historic step that gave birth to the United Nations. With the backing of major global powers, including the five permanent members of the Security Council, the UN was established as an unrivalled force for international cooperation, justice and peace.

For over 70 years, the UN has stood as a symbol of hope, inspiring dreams of a better future and a world united. UN Day serves as a powerful reminder of our shared goals and the core values enshrined in the UN Charter — values that continue to guide us toward global harmony and progress.

United Nations Day History

In the wake of the devastating effects of the Second World War, the establishment of the United Nations was seen as a crucial step to ensure global peace and prevent the recurrence of such widespread destruction. On 25 April 1945, representatives from 50 governments convened in San Francisco to draft what would become the UN Charter.

This draft was then adopted on 25 June and officially implemented on 24 October, marking the birth of the United Nations.

Although the charter was signed in 1945, it was not until 1948 that 24 October was designated as United Nations Day. Later, in 1971, the UN General Assembly recommended that member states observe it as a public holiday.

However, the organisation’s role in peacekeeping expanded significantly after the Cold War in 1991, when the number of Security Council resolutions surged, and the peacekeeping budget increased substantially.

Throughout the 1990s, the United Nations faced several challenges with newly added members such as Somalia, Haiti, Mozambique, and Yugoslavia. Despite these hurdles, a 2005 RAND Corporation study revealed that the UN succeeded in two-thirds of its peacekeeping missions globally.

United Nations Day celebrations

Here’s a look at how this special day is commemorated around the globe:

1. Ceremonial flag raisingIn many countries, the UN flag is raised alongside national flags, symbolising unity and cooperation among member states. This act often takes place at official government buildings, educational institutions, and major landmarks.
2. Conferences and seminarsVarious international conferences and seminars are held, highlighting the importance of global peace, security, human rights, and development. Diplomats, scholars, and students come together to discuss the ongoing efforts and challenges faced by the United Nations.
3. Cultural eventsMusic, art, and cultural performances showcasing the diversity of UN member countries are a significant part of the celebrations. These events promote understanding, tolerance, and unity, which are core values of the United Nations.
4. Educational programmesSchools and universities often organise special lessons and activities focusing on the UN’s history, its role in the world today, and the importance of international cooperation.
5. Public campaignsMedia campaigns, online initiatives, and social media drives highlight key issues like climate change, poverty, and conflict resolution, which are integral to the UN’s mission.

Role of United Nations in resolving conflicts

The UN Charter’s main goal is to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.” Despite this, over 250 armed conflicts have occurred since its inception in 1946.

Sustainable Development Goal 16, which aims to promote peaceful and inclusive societies, is central to the UN’s efforts to reduce violence, control arms, and combat organised crime.

According to the UN, today, over 600 million young people live in conflict zones, often facing violence from political turmoil, organised crime, and terrorism. While many fear youth recruitment into extremist groups, studies show that only a small number participate in violence.

Instead, most young people, even in difficult circumstances, steer clear of violent actions. Security Council Resolution 2250 emphasises the role of youth in maintaining peace and security, recognising their potential as peacebuilders.

The UN works through the Security Council, General Assembly, Secretary-General, and other departments to support global peace. The Peacebuilding Support Office also helps maintain ongoing peace efforts, with academic institutions preparing future peacebuilders.

The United Nations’ dedication to conflict resolution continues to evolve, making it a key player in fostering a more peaceful global landscape.