A youth was killed in the violence that broke out during the immersion of Durga idol in Bahraich. The state government said it will not spare the culprits. They will be given the harshest punishment. On the other hand, this incident has once again repeated the history of violence between two parties in the state.
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What is the history of riots in UP? How many riots took place in whose government? What is the politics of riots in the state? Know the answers to these questions in Bhaskar Explainer…
Vehicles were burnt in communal riots in Bahraich.
First of all, know what are communal riots? The answer to this is found in a report by UP Academy of Administration and Management. According to this, communal riot is called when two parties try to disturb peace and law and order. In the Indian perspective, violent incidents between Hindus and Muslims are often counted as communal riots. Even though these riots start over some immediate issue, there are deep hidden differences and differences in them. This has been happening frequently for centuries.
The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), an organization that provides data on riots across the country and state wise, divides riots into 5 categories. This includes communal, political, agricultural, students’ issues, industrial and water disputes.
How many communal riots took place in the first term of CM Yogi? The first term of CM Yogi Adityanath was between 2017-2021. According to NCRB data, meanwhile, if we talk about communal riots in the state, 35 cases were registered. This is the first major communal riot in Bahraich in the second term, in which one death occurred.
Ram Gopal Mishra was killed in Bahraich riots.
Was there a reduction from previous governments? According to NCRB, there was a 97 percent reduction in communal riots in the state from 2017 to 2021. Even among the 35 riots that took place in these 5 years, no communal riots between two religions were recorded in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Based on these figures, CM Yogi has declared the state riot free in open forums.
What was the situation in SP and BSP governments? Before BJP came to power in 2017, Samajwadi Party was in power in the state from 2012 to 2017. Akhilesh Yadav was the Chief Minister. According to NCRB, a total of 815 communal riots took place during this period (2012 to 2016). Of these, 192 people lost their lives. Before Akhilesh Yadav, Mayawati held the post of Chief Minister of the state for 5 years. She remained in power from 2007 to 2012. During this period (2007 to 2011), 616 incidents of communal riots were recorded. 121 people died in this.
When were the maximum number of communal riots recorded in the country? According to NCRB data, 6 thousand 800 cases of communal riots have been reported in the country in the last 10 years. The highest number of 823 cases were registered in 2013. At second position, 822 cases were registered in 2017. A total of 707 people lost their lives due to communal riots in the country between 2011 and 2017. Since 2018, NCRB stopped giving figures of deaths in communal riots.
When did the first major communal riot occur in the state after independence? The first major communal riot in UP after independence is considered to be the fight between Muslims and Scheduled Castes in Moradabad. These riots took place in Moradabad on August 13, 1980, on the day of Eid. On one side near Idgah, there was a Hindu (and that too with Scheduled Caste population) area. On the other side was a Muslim dominated area. On the day of Eid, when more than 50 thousand Muslims gathered at Idgah to offer namaz, a rumor spread that a stray animal was roaming in the Idgah grounds.
Namazis asked the police to remove him. Meanwhile the debate started. Soon, stone pelting also started. The police ordered the PAC to fire. Some people died in this. This further incited violence. This fire started from Moradabad and spread to Aligarh, Bareilly and Allahabad (Prayagraj).
Such incidents of clashes between two parties continued to happen for a year in the villages of Moradabad. According to the government, the death toll was 289. After this, UP became the arena of communal riots several times in the 80s and 90s. During BJP’s Ram Mandir movement in the 90s, the entire state stood on the edge of communal riots.
Riots in the state an opportunity for political parties to make allegations and counter allegations Addressing a gathering in Bijnor in the year 2022, Chief Minister Yogi claimed that there was not a single riot in the state during his previous tenure. Parties like SP and BSP have also made similar claims from time to time. Apart from this, as soon as there is talk of communal riots, all the parties start cultivating their vote bank regarding the reasons behind its outbreak. According to which group’s percentage of votes they get, their statements start coming out. Many times these statements increase rather than help in controlling violence.
Opposition parties in the state have started raising questions on the government regarding the violence in Bahraich. Questions are being raised regarding its timing. The reason is the by-elections to be held on 10 seats in UP. The Election Commission has also announced the dates for this. In such a situation, the communal riots of Bahraich can be used politically.
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